Lore 270: On Display (ad-free)

Sometimes appearances can be deceiving. Right beneath the surface, dark stories are hidden from view. All we need to do to uncover the shadows, though, is to pay them a visit.

Narrated and produced by Aaron Mahnke, with writing by Alex Robinson, research by Jamie Vargas, and music by Chad Lawson.

—————————

Sources:

• The 12 Creepiest Exhibits at Philadelphia’s Mütter Museum of Medical Oddities, August 2016, https://the-line-up.com/mutter-museum

• Abbott, G. Ghosts of the Tower of London. London: William Heinemann Ltd, 1980. https://archive.org/details/ghostsoftowerofl0000abbo/page/n5/mode/2up

• Alberge, Dalya. “Chilling Find Shows How Henry VIII Planned Every Detail of Boleyn Beheading.” The Guardian. 10/25/2020. https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2020/oct/25/chilling-find-shows-how-henry-viii-planned-every-detail-of-boleyn-beheading

• “Anne Boleyn.” Historic Royal Palaces. https://www.hrp.org.uk/tower-of-london/history-and-stories/anne-boleyn/#gs.brjpku

• Bell, Doyne C. Notices of the Historic Persons Buried in the Chapel of St. Peter Ad Vincula, in the Tower of London With An Account of the Discovery of the Supposed Remains of Queen Anne Boleyn. London: John Murray, 1877. Digital. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Notices_of_the_Historic_Persons_Buried_i/CikDYLNJwf4C?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA1&printsec=frontcover

• Bennett, Edward Turner. The Tower Menagerie: Comprising the Natural History of the Animals Contained in That Establishment; with Anecdotes of their Characters and History. London: Project Gutenberg, 1829. E-book. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/53764/53764-h/53764-h.htm

• Bowery, Susan. “The Legend of the Ravens of the Tower of London.” RoyalCentral.co.uk. 1/19/2021. https://royalcentral.co.uk/features/the-legend-of-the-ravens-of-the-tower-of-london-154848

• Brain, Jessica. “King Henry III.” Historic UK. https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofEngland/King-Henry-III/

• Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. “Henry III.” Encyclopedia Britannica. 6/30/2024. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-III-king-of-England-1207-1272

• Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. “St. George.” Encyclopedia Britannica. 6/21/2024. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-George

• Britton, John and Brayley, E.W. Memoirs of the Tower of London: Comprising Historical and Descriptive Accounts of That National Fortress and Palace: Anecdotes of State Prisoners:—Of The Armouries:—Jewels:—Regalia:—Records:—Menageria, etc. London: Hurst, Chance, and Co., 1830. https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_5GTSAAAAMAAJ/page/n5/mode/2up

• Castelow, Ellen. “Torture in the Tower of London.” Historic UK. 3/16/2015. https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofEngland/Torture-in-the-Tower-of-London

• Chamberlin, Russell. The Tower of London: An Illustrated History. Exeter: Webb & Bower, 1989. https://archive.org/details/toweroflondonill0000cham/page/n5/mode/2up

• “The Chapel of St Peter ad Vincula.” The Chapels Royal HM Tower of London. https://www.thechapelsroyalhmtoweroflondon.org.uk/welcome/the-chapel-of-st-peter-ad-vincula

• Davidson, Lucy. “Lions and Tigers and Bears: The Tower of London Menagerie.” History Hit. 6/1/2022. https://www.historyhit.com/lions-and-tigers-and-bears-the-tower-of-london-menagerie

• DeepBlueInk. “The Tower of London: A Symbol of English History and Heritage.” Medium. 3/29/2024. https://medium.com/@angelicdolphin12/the-tower-of-london-a-symbol-of-english-history-and-heritage-a0df7de65291

• “Dressed to Kill: Henry VIII’s Life in Armour.” The Guardian. 4/3/2009. https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/gallery/2009/apr/02/monarchy-henry-viii

• “8 Things You Need to Know About the Tower of London.” Historic Royal Palaces. https://artsandculture.google.com/story/8-things-you-need-to-know-about-the-tower-of-london-historic-royal-palaces/eAVxSyLgG1zf4Q?hl=en

• Flantzer, Susan. “Assassination of Henry VI, King of England (1471).” Unofficial Royalty. 2020. https://www.unofficialroyalty.com/assassination-of-henry-vi-king-of-england-1471/

• Geaman, Kristen. “Modernizing Matthew Paris: The Standards and Practices of the First Printed Editions.” Scholarsarchive.byu.edu. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1105&context=rmmra

• “The Ghosts of the Tower of London.” Exemplore. 8/1/2022. https://exemplore.com/paranormal/Paranormal-Britain-Ghosts-of-the-Tower-of-London

• Tr. by Giles, J.A. Matthew Paris’s English History, From the Year 1235 to 1273, Vol. I. London: Henry G. Bohn, 1852. https://archive.org/details/matthewparissen00parigoog/page/n13/mode/2up

• “Henry III (r.1216-1272).” The Royal Household. https://www.royal.uk/henry-iii

• “Henry III Watergate.” Wonders of the World. https://www.wonders-of-the-world.net/Tower-of-London/Description/Henry-III-watergate.php

• “Henry VI: England’s Youngest Monarch.” Historic Royal Palaces. https://www.hrp.org.uk/tower-of-london/history-and-stories/henry-vi/#gs.bob38g

• “Henry VI (r.1422-1461 and 1470-1471).” The Royal Household. https://www.royal.uk/henry-vi

• History.com Editors. “London.” HISTORY. A&E Television Networks.  Updated 3/7/2019. https://www.history.com/topics/european-history/london-england

• History.com Editors. “Tower of London.” HISTORY. A&E Television Networks. Updated 8/21/2018. https://www.history.com/topics/middle-ages/tower-of-london

• “History of the Line of Kings Exhibition.” Historic Royal Palaces. https://www.hrp.org.uk/tower-of-london/whats-on/line-of-kings/history-of-the-exhibition/#gs.bq0cg1

• “The History of London.” London Hut. https://www.londonhut.com/p/history-of-london

• “History of the Tower Armouries.” Royal Armouries. https://royalarmouries.org/about-us/royal-armouries-history/history-of-the-tower-armouries

• Jen. “Secrets & Specters: 21 Ghosts of the Tower of London.” London Dark Tourist. 11/29/2023. https://londondarktourist.com/ghosts-of-the-tower-of-london/

• “Jewish Medieval History at the Tower of London.” Historic Royal Palaces. https://www.hrp.org.uk/tower-of-london/history-and-stories/jewish-medieval-history-at-the-tower-of-london/#gs.bnv2ud

• Johnson, Ben. “Tower Ravens.” Historic UK. https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryMagazine/DestinationsUK/Tower-Ravens

• Johnson, Lauren. The Shadow King: The Life and Death of Henry VI. New York: Pegasus Books, 2019.

• Jones, Richard. “The Ghosts of the Tower of London: One of Britain’s Most Haunted Locations.” London Walking Tours. https://www.london-walking-tours.co.uk/free-tours/tower-of-london-ghosts.htm

• Kennedy, Maev. “Tower of London’s Line of Kings Continues 400-Year-Old Narrative.” The Guardian. 7/7/2013. https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2013/jul/07/tower-london-line-kings-reopens

• “Line of Kings.” Historic Royal Palaces. https://www.hrp.org.uk/tower-of-london/whats-on/line-of-kings/#gs.bpydrj

• “Map of the Tower of London.” Wonders of the World. https://www.wonders-of-the-world.net/Tower-of-London/Map-of-the-tower-of-London.php

• Margaret. “Executions at Tower Hill & Tower Green.” Tours By Foot. Updated 4/28/2024. https://freetoursbyfoot.com/executions-at-tower-hill/#:~:text=Many%20people%20associate%20the%20Tower,occurred%20during%20the%2020th%20century

• “Menagerie of the Tower of London.” Wonders of the World. https://www.wonders-of-the-world.net/Tower-of-London/Menagerie-of-the-tower-of-London.php

• Morris, Edd. “The Tower of London Ghosts: Headless Haunts, Suffocating Sensations and Wandering White Women.” Exploring Castles. https://www.exploring-castles.com/uk/england/tower_london_ghosts

• Mourby, Adrian. “Henry III: The Builder King.” Discover Britain. https://www.discoverbritainmag.com/henry-iii

• Norton, Elizabeth. “Anne Boleyn: Your Guide to the Life and Death of Henry VIII’s Second Queen—Plus 11 Little-Known Facts.” History Extra. 3/19/2024. https://www.historyextra.com/period/tudor/anne-boleyn-facts-elizabeth-henry-wife-birth-death

• “The Ravens.” Historic Royal Palaces. https://www.hrp.org.uk/tower-of-london/whats-on/the-ravens/#gs.c13u39

• Ridgway, Claire. “The Final Days of Anne Boleyn: Why Did She Die?” History Extra. 5/19/2021. https://www.historyextra.com/period/tudor/anne-boleyn-death-execution-where-buried-how-die

• “Royal Chapel.” Wonders of the World. https://www.wonders-of-the-world.net/Tower-of-London/Description/Chapel-royal.php

• Sax, Boria. “The Tower Ravens: Invented Tradition, Fakelore, or Modern Myth?” Storytelling, Self, Society, vo. 6, no. 3, 2010, pp.231-40. JSTOR. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41949136

• “The Story of the Tower of London.” Historic Royal Palaces. https://www.hrp.org.uk/tower-of-london/history-and-stories/the-story-of-the-tower-of-london/#gs.bzxw4x

• “Torture in the Tower of London, 1597.” EyeWitness to History. 2005. http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/torture.htm

• “Tower Hill History.” Benjidog Historical Research Resources: Merchant Navy Memorials at Tower Hill. https://www.benjidog.co.uk/Tower%20Hill/history.php

• “The Tower of London.” The Illustrated Magazine of Art, vol. 4, no. 19, 1854, pp.17-18. JSTOR. http://www.jstor.org/stable/20538359

• “The Tower of London.” TudorHistory.org. https://tudorhistory.org/places/tower

• “Tower of London.” Unesco. https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/488

• “The Tower of London Menagerie.” Historic Royal Palaces. https://www.hrp.org.uk/tower-of-london/history-and-stories/the-tower-of-london-menagerie/#gs.btb8a4

• “Wakefield Tower.” Wonders of the World. https://www.wonders-of-the-world.net/Tower-of-London/Description/Wakefield-tower.php

• “Water-Gate Found.” Getty Images. https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/the-newly-discovered-water-gate-built-by-king-henry-iii-in-news-photo/3254162

• “Weapons and Armors.” Wonders of the World. https://www.wonders-of-the-world.net/Tower-of-London/Weapons-and-armors.php

• “The White Tower.” The Victorian Web. https://victorianweb.org/victorian/art/illustration/cruikshank/tol/18.html