Back in 1998, this guy Philip Gibbs threw out a wild idea: what if the Big Bang wasn’t just some spontaneous explosion, but actually... the exit of a white hole? Like, somewhere out there, in another universe, something collapsed into a black hole, and our universe popped out the other side as a white hole.
Gibbs took Einstein’s field equations (well, more precisely, he used a solution for a spherically symmetric, inhomogeneous universe, sounds fancy, but really, it’s just a way to describe actual clumpy stuff like galaxies, voids, and us). This solution allows for local variations in matter and expansion, which totally makes sense, since the universe isn’t perfectly smooth anyway.
And it turns out the math does allow for white holes to be more than just the time-reversed version of black holes. They could be real things, spewing out matter, space, time - the whole package.
What’s cool about his model?
You don’t need a singularity. No terrifying “infinite density point” like in the standard Big Bang. Instead, there’s a smooth transition: from one region of spacetime to another.
Kinda poetic, honestly. Just one problem: we’ve never seen a white hole. Not yet.
Well, first of all everyone wants to find alien life.
Because if we’re actually alone in the universe? That’s just sad, boring, and kinda dumb. The universe is freaking huge, come on. But if we’re not alone?.. New season of Black Mirror incoming (which I stopped watching, got way too creepy). The planets that really get people going are the ones chilling in the so-called habitable zone - where there might be liquid water (the chemical soup where life could start brewing). To get that, you need just the right distance from your star, like Earth got, lucky bitch💅. Basically, we're out here hunting for cosmic Balis(Never been there).
Second - it’s about us.
Comparing Earth to other planets makes you realize this place isn’t just cozy, it’s a damn unicorn, haha. Like, you’ve got spicy Venus where the greenhouse effect went full psycho(like in USA now haha, sorry, guys, that's funny), or some rocky ball that’s frying next to its star like a steak on a pan, and suddenly you’re super thankful our atmosphere doesn’t melt your face off.
Third - breaking the rules.
People used to think: stars, planets, nice neat orbits, just like our solar system. Then here comes a fat-ass Jupiter whipping around its star like it’s on coke. Turns out, planetary systems are all over the place. So theorists had to throw out their old models and start from scratch, like "guess we were wrong again."
Fourth - pure hardcore science.
We’re trying to spot tiny planets light-years away. It’s not just hard, it’s pure hell. But that pain brings tech gains: better telescopes, better algorithms, machines that can pull a baby planet signal out of a sea of noise. So yeah, progress snowballs into other fields too.
And finally - the future.
Sure, nobody’s building a vacation home on Proxima Centauri b yet. But a girl can dream. One day we might actually find an Earth 2.0, somewhere to run off to when we’re done trashing this one. (Shoutout to my neighbors who left Nutella on the damn table again. No, real Nutella, not a metaphor fortunately.)
And yeah, exoplanets are literally any planets outside the Solar System, not just the fancy ones people used to think about🤡
Black holes... white... no, I’m not talking about racism, I’m talking about physics. The idea of white holes came as a continuation of the theory of black holes. When scientists started working through Einstein’s equations of gravity, they noticed something interesting. In the solution for black holes, there was something strange, not just "absorption" of matter, but the possibility of "spitting out" matter from some point in space.
Black holes were already well-known as objects that suck in everything that comes close to them, but what if there were objects that do the opposite: emit everything that comes near them? Like a hypothetical "exit" in spacetime, from which everything gets thrown back out. This was just weird. It’s like an object where spacetime "throws out" things but doesn’t let them return. So, a black hole could be connected to a white hole through something called a wormhole - a kind of tunnel between two regions of space.
But here’s the problem: as cool as the idea sounds, white holes are not observed in reality, and no one has seen matter fly out of nowhere. So, white holes remain more of a theory than actual objects. In other words, if black holes are like vacuum cleaners, then white holes are like fountains, but probably only in math and scientists’ dirty imaginations...
And are those white holes right here with us in the same room?
Physicists don’t just pull this kind of stuff out of their ass. There’s basically a standard procedure: when you derive some complicated equations, you start analyzing them in simple limiting cases to figure out what they might predict.
Like when you're cooking and think: “What if I swap the meat for fish, mayo for ketchup, and so on.”
So. On November 25th, 1915, at the Königlich Preußische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Einstein dropped his big one: the Einstein Field Equation (yep, that’s the real name, not that baby formula E = mc², which, by the way, is incomplete: you need momentum in there too). God, I was so fucking done trying to find the original paper, you’d cry if you knew the pain. And yeah, in modern notation, the equation looks a bit different.
The second pic explains it way better:
G_μν - Einstein tensor (describes spacetime curvature)
T_μν - stress-energy tensor (describes distribution of matter and energy)
G - gravitational constant
c - the speed of light
Now, Einstein already knew from electrodynamics (hi, Maxwell) that oscillating fields give you light. So he thought: why the hell wouldn’t gravity have waves too?
So yeah, it was actually a logical next step: check if those equations have wave-like solutions. And turns out- they do.
If you want, I can totally write out the derivation.... but fair warning: it’s gonna hurt.
I also attached the link with article I took the equation:
Imagine that space-time is a kinda blanket. A huge cosmic blanket where you throw all kinds of cosmic stuff: like planets, stars, and black holes. The heavier the object, the deeper it sinks into the blanket.
if you take two black holes and make them spin around each other, they’re not just making dents in the blanket. They’re shaking the whole blanket:) And that shaking - that’s a gravitational wave.
It’s not a "wave in space", it’s a wave of space.... Like, the actual distance between two points is pulsating. One moment you’re 1 meter away from the wall, and the next it’s 0.999999999999 meters. Back and forth. But the amplitude is tiny. You won’t feel it unless you’ve got some insanely precise tech.
In my last reels I told about entropy. So here we go....
Why does entropy have to increase? Because otherwise everything would freeze up into perfect order where literally nothing ever happens.
Sounds like bullshit? Yeah, fair. Let me explain.
Entropy is when a system has a bunch of different ways to rearrange the same pieces.
Here’s an example: 4 white balls(not men's, usual balls) in a box, only one way to arrange them. That’s order. Low entropy. 2 white + 2 black - a ton of possible combos. That’s disorder. Good, high entropy. The universe finally has a shot at being born and doing stuff. Haha The more options like that - the higher the entropy.
Here’s the formula. Why do you need it? I have no idea. But here you go: S = k * ln(Ω) S - entropy Ω - number of microstates (how many ways to rearrange the system internally) k - Boltzmann’s constant. Don’t worry about it. It’s just there so the math vibes.
According to the second law of thermodynamics, entropy always increases. And it doesn’t give a damn. No exceptions.
That’s why heat escapes, glass shatters, and technically, yes, you can suck poop back in, but it’s not recommended👀 Just make it home, that’s the goal.
And no, a broken glass doesn’t reassemble itself into the exact original. That’s not a thing. Stop dreaming. If entropy didn’t increase, nothing would ever get started.
The universe would be perfectly cold, flat, and meaningless. No stars. No life. No flawless selfies of mine. Sad.
All this week I spent with heavy heart. I try to work, laugh and feel normal, but it's difficult. Anyway right now I don't have the opportunity to stop working and etc, I'm alone, from all my family: My grandparents from both sides and no parents, that's insane.
It’s fascinating how differently people react to my bodily freedom. Some see strength in me. Openness. Courage. Beauty. Depth. And to others: I’m just some internet slut making money off her naked pics.
But I’ve always believed this: a person who has depth inside will instantly recognize that same depth in someone else. Even from afar. And if someone only lives on the surface: driven by instincts, sex, what to eat for dinner and what to watch on YouTube (not hating on YouTube btw, YouTube’s great), then even if you show them something truly beautiful, they’ll reduce it. They’ll cheapen it. Drag it through the mud.
I’m bare here. Not just physically. Why “Naked Universe”? Because the universe lives inside me, I am the Naked Universe.
There’s so much inside me. Emotions, thoughts, processes, desires. And I’m genuinely happy there are people out there who see that. And you know what? I don’t need to prove anything to those people. They’ve always seen me: no screaming, no explaining needed. Not even this post was necessary.
This post is a bit of a challenge for me since I only read physics books to study. I know a few books that you might enjoy. But I'm really a dumb here, haha
1. Physics of the Impossible by Michio Kaku I was totally thrilled when my friend gave me this book back in school. It explains the feasibility of various inventions from sci‑fi movies: whether they’re realistic or just wild dreams.
2. Surely You’re Joking, Mr. Feynman! by Richard Feynman This one’s a super fun read, a kind of autobiography full of quirky stories and unexpected insights.
3. Astrophysics for people in a hurry by Neil deGrasse Tyson A really light read about the Universe. I’m basically sharing the same cool info here, only with the swearing and my signature style ;)
I've decided to share a little story about the evolution of the Universe—more specifically, about the Higgs boson and why it’s so important. The Universe evolved incredibly fast, and all the crucial stuff happened in literally less than a second. In other words, it was like preparing the soil. First, the particles we know (well, maybe not all of you are super familiar with them, haha) appeared. But… these guys were massless. Yeah, it sounds weird, but that’s how it was. They existed, if you will, as clumps of energy—like, say, the photon. And then the Higgs showed up… the so-called Higgs field began to act. Thanks to it, particles started “sticking” to space and acquiring mass. This allowed atoms, molecules, stars, and galaxies—the stuff we see today—to form.
Now, let’s talk about the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. In my opinion, the main motivation for building it was basically the search for the Higgs. So, what goes on there? Roughly speaking, protons are accelerated to insane speeds and smashed into each other countless times, creating conditions similar to those right after the Big Bang.
Higgs’ fingerprints: The Higgs boson is extremely unstable and decays very quickly, and it doesn’t show up in every event. Physicists looked for its characteristic “fingerprints” in the debris—for example, when it decays into 4 leptons (that is, electrons or muons, more or less). The formula goes like this: pp→H→ZZ→4L I’ll have to shoot a video with the Higgs diagram once Instagram unblocks me. It also decays into photons. It’s a ton of work and a massive amount of data to process—gathering and crunching all the channels is fucking madness, to put it bluntly.
In 2012, the analysis of data from ATLAS (and the other detector, CMS) showed that the observed signals matched exactly what the theory predicted. In the article’s figure, you can see a blue bump—that’s the Higgs. You can notice how it stands out against the red (the prediction). In physics, there’s this notion of standard deviations (i.e., the deviation from expectations if the Higgs were not present). If it’s 5σ or more, that’s considered a scientific discovery. Of course, you can’t directly see that on the graph—it has to be calculated manually and summed over not just this decay channel, but all of them. But the article’s description mentions it, for anyone reading and not understanding. Although, man, a lot of it is still confusing, haha.
And now the question: if the Higgs gives mass to the particles, who gives mass to the Higgs?
